what is spam in computer networking? How spam works?

What is Spam?

When we use different types of technologies related to the field of computer networking, we should know about the different types of advantages and disadvantages of the technologies. As we know that there are lot of advancements in the computer networking field but still these technologies has a security issue in there working. However, one of the major disadvantages of the computer networking is that they can easily affected by different types of methods from different source without the permission of the users. One of them is Spamming. Read further below about what is spam.

An other important types of such infection that can affect the system badly is the Spam. It is the types of messages or the email that can infect your personal computer and decode all the important information related to your computer called as spam. It is that types of system that can infect the PC with the help of different types advertising messages or email downloaded from the net that are unwanted and stored in the email box with out the permission of the user.

How spam Works?
Spam is the type of the unwanted or infected messages that infect the personal computer and slows down the working of the computer. Spam works in number of ways some important that is used by the spammers to spread the spam in enter networks and also in your systems are as follows.

When we move on to the network with the help of different networking devices, there are lot of advertisements present on the internet the can provide some good offers to the customers such as some sale purchase offer or some kind of games etc. But in these advertisements spammers use different techniques to store the infected messages in it and when we click to open the ad, the email works and decode the information and the working of the system become very slow and it can also hijack the personal information of your system. Commonly it is present in the inbox of the users and when the user clicks to read the mail it can infect the whole system with the help of different types of software that can be stored by the spammers in it. And can cause the harm to your operating system at the large extent.

Basically spammers designed the system to spread the different type of emails in the form of spam and then distribute those spam to that site that contains the protection software such as antivirus. And when the users download the protection software, these spam can also downloaded to your system and affect the whole system. Some common types of spam are present almost on every mail site. But the major sources that take part in spreading the spam are the spy wares or ad wares. With the help of such spam the email recommend the site to the user where such kind of dangerous software are present and can be downloaded easily when the user open the site.

Methods Used by Spammers:

Spammers used different ways to get the email address to spread the spam into the mail boxes of different types of users. Some times they can purchase the CD of the email address directly from the company and do there work of spreading the spam easily. Another method that is used by the spammers to search the email addresses is that they designed such system that can search the email address on the internet with the help of @ such sign.

Protection from Spam:

Some protective software and different ways are also adopted to reduce the distribution of spam in the mail boxes. Te easy and the common method to avoid the spam is to use only those email sites that can provided with the spam filters.

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E-mail Attachments Security

Security of email attachments:

Using cautions for sending the email attachments: Cautions are the important tips and measure that should be taken while composing the mail box. And also when attaching any kind of file such as document, jpeg file or data spreadsheets. Cautions must be followed because emails attachments an be dangerous sometimes

Characteristics that makes email Attachments dangerous: There are several factors that make Email attachments dangerous because sometimes the most attractive feature of emails allows different types of attackers to harm your id. some of these features are listed below.

Easy and random circulation: One of the important features of email that makes it dangerous sometime is the easy circulation when you and some attachments in your mail box it can be viewed or forwarded to the different unwanted users. Forwarding of the email quickly entertains viruses to harm your computer system. This happens because the attackers can easily track your address they can easily guess that which uses opens every mail message without bothering the security and the source from where mail is coming from.

Broadcast emails: Broadcast mails are those mails that provide certain kind of message to the users or group of users. They travel randomly within the networks and can carry the infection. Many attackers can also compose these messages to harm the entire network especially in client serve connections all the client systems can get infected easily.

Use friendly options and programs: Many email service providers offers the automatic download of the attachment by just clicking the file .this could also be very harmful for the computer system which can affect the computer file system just in the matter of seconds.

Precautions for the protection: Although transferring information from one place to another and dealing with online files and services can be risky but there are some steps that can be followed for preventing the harmful and spam mails.

Beware of unwanted attachments: always stay conscious for the mail message that are not requested even from the people you know especially mails with the subject from mom, from dad etc .because attacker always tricks  the computer users to trust the mail message easily that they send. It is important because infected attachment can destroy your contact list.

Keep your software/applications up to date: Always keep your system files and operating system up to date, in this way the internal programs can protect the computer from external damages more effectively.

Save and properly scan the attachments before exploring: Before opening the attachments online download it and scan it to know that file your going to open in safe. You can choose good anti virus software for scanning.

Disable the automatic download option: Turn off the automatic download and auto open option to stay safe from infections.

Create separate accounts: Many of the operating systems offers you the multi boot or multi account processing. You can create limited account with restricted privileges. Because some the master infections require administrator privileges for infecting the computer.

Practice additional security features: Now there are many solution and tips for providing high security to your system, you can also try these for good protection .learn and implement the firewall advancements and spam reduction techniques. You can also report the spam to your network administrator in order to review the entire networking for seeking the infection. You must use the licensed anti virus software to provide satisfactory security to you computer.

Browser securities: You can also manage your browser preferences in order to automatically detect the infected or unknown files. Latest browsers have the feature for prompting the infection to the computer user

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What is digital signature ? concept of digital signatures

Understanding digital signature:

Digital signatures are used to present any type of digital data, message or file in the form of numbers or mathematical format. It’s a technique which is used for verifying the authenticity of the message and the user. It tells the receiver of the message that it has been sent by the known source and it also confirms that file is secure to be explored. They are most often used for the financial dealings and transactions and also in some scenarios where the delivery of information is required to be confidential. They can be referred as the type of electronic signatures but we cannot say that all electronic signatures are digital signatures. In some countries of this world they are considered to be the important part and instrument of significance in sensitive issues for instance in US parliament digital signatures of the all the national members are used to authenticate the received information.

Historical Background:

The concept of digital signatures are first originated by the White field Daffier and Martin Hellman in 1976.at first their scheme was considered useless but with the passage of time the effective algorithms were designed that strongly supported the concept of digital signatures. Later on proper soft wares for data authenticity were developed which became very famous in the world. One of the most famous software for digital signatures is Lotus Notes 1.0 which was officially released in 1989, this software uses RSA algorithm for data cryptography.

How digital signature works:

Digital signature works by the integration of three algorithms which are implemented in a sequence to make the message in the digital signature format. Private, public and corresponding keys are built in digital signatures to enhance the security and authenticity. At first the very first private key that is assigned to the message verifies the authenticity of the public key and after that flexible computational signatures are developed in this way the information become unknown to the irrelevant parties.

Why digital signature are used ?

There are different reasons for which digital signatures are used

Efficiency: Digital signatures are efficient because they are comparatively shorter in length and takes very small portion of the memory the technique for shortening the digital signatures is known as hashing.

More  compatibility: Digital signatures are more compatible because they are operated on domains and are not at all independent. Leading signatures scheme are implemented on the domains. This feature makes the signature much useful.]

Enhanced  integrity: Without the hash function the digital signature offers the enhanced integrity. If the boxes that appear to the receiver in form of sign are not properly arranged then receiver would not be able to recognize the message. This is one of the features that provide good security as well.

Authentication: We have commonly seen that the entire message that is communication contains the information of the entity both at the sender and receivers end. One of the most important purposes of using the digital signature is the authentication of the source of the messages. Secret keys are assigned that can be recognized only by the matching key at the receiver end. This keeps the network threats and unauthenticated and illegal use of the message

Non repudiation: one of the distinguishing feature of digital signatures is that once signed by the entity , it cannot be denied when transmitted over domains

Uses of digital signatures

Digital signatures are used in the aspects of life and world where security matters a lot. Many governmental and confidential organizations prepare their important and private document in the form of digital signature which assures the security.

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What is Cyber Security?

Cyber Security:

Cyber security is an activity or set of activities that involves, protecting, tracking and resolving the cyber threat and also explains how to respond them

Why it is important
We use cyber internet for different purposes and all of the information almost relies on web and computers and its networks such as communication through emails and cell phones, entertainment, data transfer and for record keeping and maintenance. Excess use of computer and internet have made the security essential in every field because online attackers and hackers are also the part of computer network which we never know can see our personal information or can steal our confidential data. Its very important for use to understand the potential risks and basic security measures in order to protect ourselves from the cyber threats.

What risks are involved in cyber security?
Long list of risky factors is there which makes you feel unsafe while dealing with cyber technologies.

Downloading:
One of the most practiced thing or task is the downloading. Internet users allover the world downloads the different kinds of soft wares, music audios/videos, movies, games and many more in bulk quantity every day. Many of them forgets about the risks involves in downloading .the file your saving to your computer system straight from the internet. In spite of using the bets anti virus you still need to be conscious about the security of your computer and files.

Unauthorized purchases:
You have often heard about the fraudulent companies and online platforms that work online and steal the confidential information of the customers who shop, sell or buy stuff online. Your important information or your data can be theft online. In worst scenarios people loss millions of dollars while selling and purchasing through unauthorized websites.

Infected or ,malicious programming snippets:
These are the small codes that are developed transfer viruses or worms of different types to your computer system. They can be generated by the professional computer hackers. These code shave unique features in them viruses are such programs that travel through your network and usually hits your system when some one form you clicks them, but the worms are so powerful that they automatically penetrates into your computer and may erase the important system files may make your system is halted while working. They propagate themselves automatically when you get online.

Trojan horses:
These are such type of dangerous software that damages you behind the screen. It means that at front interface they claim the speeding up or enhancing your RAM cache or downloading speed but at the back end they start stealing and copy your confidential information from your email accounts or computer.

Precaution to stay safe:
Although it’s always risky to work and deal online but if some rules of cyber security are continuously practiced then cyber threat risk could be minimized to some extent .here are some steps to follow.

• The foremost step is that you must understand the importance and risks of cyber security.
• After that what kind of hackers or intruders may involve in your dealings. Motivate yourself against the online hackers and be aware of them all the tie even sending a single mail message from your email account.
• Avoid instant or random clicking in attractive stuff that you see around your mail box screen that may contains win cash prize adds or wok online etc. these fascinating ads may carry infections for your computer.

Always choose the authorized companies for selling and purchasing stuff online. don’t forget to see the privacy policy that they are offering

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Characteristics of information security

What is information security:

In the field of information technology, many technologies are used for the benefit of the people of the present era. Where there are many advantages of the information technology some disadvantages are also present that really throw a bad light on the technological devices and processes. However, the major advantage of the information technology is providing the information security to the data that is used in the transmission of the data or producing the new technical products. It is defined as the technology designed to protect the information from the different types of hackers and the from identity theft and protect your information from unauthorized use is called as information security.

Basically this technology used in the field of computer networking due to its importance in maintaining the security of the information that needs security and confidentiality.

Characteristics of Information Security:

Due the importance of the information security, it has many important features that are really helpful for the protection of the confidential data from leaking and also help to protect from hacking. Some important characteristics of the information security are as follows

1. Integrity
2. Confidentiality
3. Authentication
4. Management of Risk

Integrity:

Information security plays a very important role in maintaining the security in different types of drastic conditions such as the errors of the integrity. As we know that information, security is used to provide the protection to the documentation or different types information present on the network or in the system. So, there are many viruses that can infect the computer, slows down the working and also break the integrity of the system. Therefore, information security provides the valuable and easy steps to prevent the different types of errors created due to integrity.

Authentication:

Another important characteristic of the information security technology, that it can provide the authentication method to protect the documents or the files from different types of hackers and also protect them from infection of different viruses. In authentication method, information security provides the opportunity to the user that he or she can assign the different types of special or the secret word that is called as password to the required information that has to be protected.

Confidentiality:

Confidentiality is the process that is used to protect the information on the network by avoids the unauthorized person to see your information on the networking technology such as internet technology. For example, different types of thieves use different types of methods to steel the confidential information on the internet without the knowledge of the person, such as credit card number and steel all the money. However, the information security plays a vital role in preventing the information from the disclosure and unauthenticated use. In addition, your data remain save from different types identity theft technologies used by the thieves.

Management of Risk:

Information security also take part in managing different types of risk that are harmful for the information and can disclose the private or the important information easily. The characteristic feature of the information security is that it is very helpful in removing different types of threats and increases the reliability of the information present on the network, but stopping different spam to infect the information.

Benefits of Information Security:

As we know that information, security plays a very important role in defending the information from different types of disclosure. Therefore, it has several benefits that really encourage us to use information security technology. One of the big and the major advantage of the information security is that it can take steps to prevent different topes of data leakage and increase the reliability of the information. Another benefit of the information security is that it can increase the confidentiality of the document.

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Types of computer security

computer secuirty:

Different types of software or the hardware that are used to protect your personal computer or your network from different types of unauthorized users / spam is called as computer security. As we know that computer networking is the part of the field of science that deals with different type of technologies and applications related to the field of computer networking. This branch of science is referred to as information technology.

This branch is used in developing the new applications of computer. There are many types of technologies that have a great impact in the development of the new applications of the computer networking for the sake of humanity has some disastrous security problems. So, to save these kind of information from different type publications computer network security is of vital importance.

Types of Computer Security:

There are several types of computer securities that are completely based on protecting from different types of viruses and Trojans. Some common types of computer security are as follows

• Network security
• Data security

Network Security:

A common type of computer security is to deal with the network security. It is that type of security that is required to secure the networking media from different type of viruses and also many other forms of threats to keep the working of computer  networking smoothly. Having set right kind of network security assures the stable working of computer network.

Data Security:

Another important form of the computer security is the data security. It is defined as the type of security that is used to protect the important data present on different drives of the computer from different types of threats through different types of software/hardware solutions such as Antivirus and firewalls etc.

You can refer to menu for advance topics like what are firewalls and how to configure them.

Working Description:

The basic aim for applying computer security is to keep computer network stable and running without interruption of intruders, there are software available to perform tasks which help in achieving this goal. There are many types of antivirus software that are used from protection of different types of information and the data storage on the drives of the computer. These anti viruses also plays a vital role in detecting different types of virtues, Trojans, spy wares, Ad wares and many other form that are harmful for the computer data and also for the computer network stability. Computer security software first help in detecting the viruses and malware then remove these viruses from the network or from the hard drive. Computer security is completely based on the following three steps i.e.

1. Confidentiality

Protect different type confidential documents from unfair use and also help in reducing theft of documents.

2. Authentication

User name and passwords used of the choice of the user to protect the file or protect the access to the network is called as authentication.                

Why Computer Security Important:

Computer security is important because it can provide the opportunity for the users to protect their important information present on the network and also in the system. It also helps in defending the computer system against different types of destructive technologies and protects the PC from damage. It also help in monitoring the network and protect it also from different threats. So, we should use computer security solution on some level to protect our data from different type of sniffing stolen problems.

Future of Computer Security:

Future of the computer security seems quit bright, as it is in the need of development of the new and better technologies and applications for network security for future. There are going to lot more network attacks in organizations, on world’s busiest servers and websites. To ensure the security of such networks and its users on to global scale of "Internet" it is very important to come up with invincible solutions to counter the attacks of intruders.

On the other hand computer security is ongoing and everlasting game. Even if we find a solution to current disastrous condition of viruses, worms and other security threats to our networks, we will have to encounter much worst and dangerous malware and virus in future, which will keep our computer networks security personals on their toes.

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